English

Simpal Present Tense  Do/Work/Like Etc

Active Voice=Subject + Singular Verb /Plural Verb + Object

Ex:      I/we/they /you =read, like, work, live, do, have

           He /she/it=reads, likes, works, lives, does ,has

           -es after  s/sh/ch:  Pass =passes        
           Finish=Finishes , Watch=Watches

           -y :+ies: Study =Studies        
            try=tries

·        To write simple present ‘do’ and ‘does’ are used as auxiliary verbs In the usage of ‘does’ for singular .it is not mentioned in the sentence and in place of ‘does’ ‘s’ is added at the end of present verb

Ex:

Love changes before money

Modern Science creates a new world

The earth rotates around the sun

·        When a verb is ending in following letters (o/ch/sh/ss/x/z) “es” is added in place of “S”

Ex:

The president addresses the masses

The doctor mixes medicines with water  

When a verb is ending in “Y” before a consonants , that ‘y’ dropped and ‘ies ’ is added in place of ‘s’ but no change is done when there is vowel before “Y”

Ex:

He tries to cheat me

Mother worries about my problem

Mother buys vegetables

   When there are no permanent or prominent subject “It” and “there” are used

   It feel hot

   It gets  warm

   උණුසුම් වෙනවා

   It fades away

  මලානික වෙනවා

  It smells bad/good

  ගද/සුවඳ හමනවා

There lives a man in that hut 

ඒ පැල්පතේ මින්හෙක් ජීව්ත් වෙනවා

There sleeps beggar under that tree

එම ගහ යට හිගන්නෙක් නිදනවා

There appears anew face

නව මුහුණු  වරකින් පෙනි සිටිනවා

There seems to work

වැඩ කරනවා වගේ පෙනවා

There seems to be coming

එනවා වගේ පෙනවා

·        The simple present tense is used to express habitual actions ( පුරුද්දක් ලෙස කරන ක්‍රයා)

EX:

He smokes ( දුම්පානය ඔහුගේ පුරුද්දක් )

She always works on time ( වෙලාවට වැඩ කිරීම ඇයගේ පුරුද්දක්)

My younger sister bites her nails

·        In following sentence ,there are no persons who do the actions ,but they are written in active Simple present because they are habitual actions

EX:

Our school begins at 7.30 and ends at 1.30

The bus stops here

The works starts at 7.00

·        If future action is definitely  done the verb of the sentence should be kept in “present Simple”

(අනාගත ක්‍රයාව ස්ථරවම සිදූවන වා නම්)

Ex:

I teach your next weak

The suns rises tomorrow

Next week we come to class

I work here tomorrow

·        The simple present tense can be used for a planned future action or series of actions

(සැලසුම් සහගතව කිරීමට නියමිත අනාගත ක්‍රයාවක් හෝ ක්‍රයාවලියක්  )

EX:

They leave kandy next Tuesday at 5.00 a.m and arrive in Colombo at 12.00 p.m

Then they spend 3 hours in Colombo and leave again at 4.00  p.m

·        Following  words are used in active simple present sentences and they are put any where in sentences

(පහත සදහන් වචන සමාන්‍යයෙන් යොදාගනු ලබන්නේ  simple present  සමගය)

Usually -සමාන්‍යයෙන්,පරුදු පරිදි

Normally - සමාන්‍යයෙන්

Ordinarily- සමාන්‍යයෙන්

Generally - සමාන්‍යයෙන්,වැඩි වශයෙන්

Seldom-කලාතුරකින්,ඉද හිට

Hardly ever -ඉතාමත් කලාතුරකින්,අමරුවෙන්

Rarely - කලාතුරකින්

Nowadays-මේ කාලයේ

Once a week -සතියට වරක්

Once a month -මසකට වරක්

Occasionally -ඇතම්විට , කලාතුරකින්,අතරින් පතර,අතරතුර

Always -හැමව්ටම,නිරතුරුව,නොනැවත,නිතර,තිස්සේ,නිති

Frequently- නිතර

Often -නොයෙක් විට,බොහෝ විට, නිතර නිතර

Never-කවදාවත්,කිසිවිටක නැති

Some times -සමහර විට,බාග වෙලාවට

Once in a blue moon - ඉතාමත් කලාතුරකින්

Twice a week- සතියට දෙවරක්

Twice a day- දවසට  දෙවරක්

Once a day- දවසට   වරක්

Once time -එක්තරා කාලයක්

Every time -සැම කාලයක්

Daily -දිනපතා

Weekly-සතිපතා

Monthly-මාසපතා

Yearly -අවරුදුපතා

Annually -වර්ෂිකව

Every day-දිනපතා

Every week-සැම සතියකටම

Every month -සැම මාසෙකටම

Every year- සැම අවරුදුවකටම

Perhaps- සමහර විට,බාගෙට

Often times -නිතරම

Whenever -හැම විටම,කොයි වෙලාවේ වුවත්

Every     - හැම,සැම,එක එක

Ex:-

Sue always arrives at work early

I usually go to work by car but sometimes I walk

Tilina   lives near us .we often see him

I never watch television

She never eats breakfast

How often do you go there?

Whenever she comes  to class he follows her

·        When two sentences are connected by the Conjunction IF or unless and if there is a present simple verb in one sentence the verb of the next sentence should be kept in future  or preceded with either can or may such  a sentence  is called  a probable sentence here the action of the two sentence are possible to be done

·        If he invite me I can go/Shall go/may go to the party

·        She may pass the exam  if  she learns well

·        Unless you work hard you fail the exam

·        I shall stop this affair unless you  tell me the truth

Say යන ක්‍රියා පදය සමාන්‍යයෙන් the simple present tense වලින් තබනු ලැබේ යම් හෙයකින් සටහනකින් හෝ ලිපියකින් උපුටා ගත් යමක් ප්‍රකාශ කිරීමට Say සමග මේ tense 

එක යෙදේ .

EX:-

What does your mother say in the letter .she say `my dear son study well `

What does the book say? It say “Reading  makes a full man”

·        The simple present tense can be used for dramatic narratives

(නාට්‍යමය සිදුවීම් විස්තර කිරීමට)

EX:-

Suddenly, the windows opens .A masked man enters 

·        The Simple present tense can be used for an idea of daily routines

(දින චරියාවක් ලෙස කරන ක්‍රියා)

Ex:-

 I get up early in the morning

He earns money and spends it all

·        The Simple present tense can be used to express general or universal truths

The sun rises in the east

Sugar is sweet

The earth around the sun

·        ඉන්ද්‍රය හැගිම් ,සංවේදිතාව දනවන ඉබේ සිදුවන  ක්‍රියා

(Verb of senses with voluntary actions ) Simple present tense වලින් තබන්න

Feel-I feel

Cold-

Hear - Here’s a noise

See-I see something

Smell-

Notice

පහත වචන Simple present tense වලින් තබන්න

Admire

Adore

Value

Appreciate

Care for

Desire

Detest

Dislike

Fear

Hate

Like

Loathe

Respect

Value

Want

Wish

Agree

Appreciate

Assume

Believe

Expect

Forget

Know

Mean

Perceive

Realize

Recall

Recognize

Recollect

Remember

See

See through

Think

Trust

Understand

අයිතිය හගවන පද

Belong

Own

Owe

Possess

Appear

Seem

·        If there is the word “Let’s” in the sentence the verb of the sentence should be kept in present simple plural from

Ex:-

Let’s finish our work

Let’s start on his job

  If there is a verb behind the preposition ‘to’ that verb should be kept present simple plural from
Ex:

I am going to meet her

I try to pass the exam 

·        If sentence is started with “ there +be” or  “it+be” the verb behind the preposition “to”Should be kept be+ past participle
    EX:
    There is a field to be ploughed (plough)

It is a car to be sold (sell)

I don’t (Present simple negative and negative question)

I  /we / you/ they    +do not (don’t) +infinitive verb  

He/she/it+ does not (doesn’t)+ infinitive verb 

EX:-

Do not go-යන්නේ නැ

Do not come-එන්නේ නැ

Do not do -කරන්නේ නැ

Do not help-උදව් කරන්නේ නැ

I drink coffee but I don’t   drink tea

Sue drinks tea but she doesn’t coffee

I don’t like sunil and sunil doesn’t like me

I don’t like washing the car .I don’t do it very often

Bill doesn’t do his job very well

Alex doesn’t usually have breakfast

EX2:-

I don’t forget it –Don’t i forget it

They don’t remember you-don’t they remember you

People don’t hear that news – don’t people hear that news

He doesn’t love you- doesn’t he love you

Do you……? (Present simple question)

Do /does + subject+ infinitive verb

Ex:-

Do they play -ඔවුන් සෙල්ලම් කරනවද

Does she run-ඇය දුවනවා ද

Does mother cook-අම්මා උයනවා ද

Do they do it -ඔවුන් එක කරනවද

Do you work in the evening?

Does chapa play tennis?

Where does your parent live?

How often do you wash your hair?

What does this word mean?

How much does it cost to fly to Roma?

Do you always have breakfast?

Does chapa often play tennis?

What do you usually do at weekends?

Sentence With Be Verb

·       Subject +be + proper noun

I        am nuwan

Subject +be +a+ noun

I am a teacher

·       Subject+ be+ the +noun /noun phrase 

He is the manager

That is the reason

·       Subject +be+ Adjective in positive degree

I am fat

You are beautiful

·       Subject +be +a/an+ Adjective in positive degree +noun

I am a fat man

You are beautiful woman

·       Subject+ be +a/an+Ap1+Ap2+noun

She is a thin tall girl 

·       Subject +be +a/an+Ap1+Ap2+Ap3+Noun

She is a thin tall fair girl

·       Subject +be +Adverb+(Ap)

She is very kind

She is so beautiful

·       Subject +be +Adverb +Ap+ Noun

She is a very nice girl

·       Subject+ be +a+ Adverb +Ap+ Noun

She is a very nice girl

·       Subject+ be +Adverb +a/an +Ap+ Noun

She is quite a good girl

·       Subject+  Be adverb +Ap+ a/an+ Noun

She is a good a leady

·       Subject+ Be As+ Ap + as+ Noun

Time is as worthy as gold

She is as tall as you

·       Subject +Be+ Not +as +noun

He is not as rich as you

·       Subject +Be +Not +So+Ap+ as + Noun

He is not so clever as you

Nayomi is not so beautiful as Kanchana =Kanchana is more beautiful than nayomi

·       Subject +Be +Noun Clause 

That is what I said

She is the girl who helped me

·       Subject +Be +The +Adjective Comparative

She is the younger

I am the elder

·       Subject+ Be+ the +Adjective Superlative

She is the best

I am the younger

·       Subject+ Be+ the +Adjective Superlative +Noun

He is the best bowler

·       Subject +Be +the + Adjective Superlative +Than +Noun

She is the best

I am Younger

·       Subject +Be +Possessive Adjective +Noun

This is my friend

This is our country

·       Subject +Be + Possessive Pronoun

This book is mine
That hotel is his

·       Subject +Be+ Prepositional Phrase

I am in Colombo

We were in the office

Subject +Be+ Av + Adjective Comparative + Than+ Noun

She is much younger than you

India is much bigger than Sri Lanka

ඉහත  සියළු වාක්‍ය වල ක්‍රියාව ,ලෙස BE +හි පහත සදහන් ඕනෑම රූපයක් යෙදීමෙන් වෙනස් අර්ථ නිරුපණය කළ හැකිය

Am, is are, was, were, will be, shall be, must be, should be, can be, could be,

May be, might be, would be, has been, have been, had been, will have been,

Shall have been, must have been, should have been, can’t have been,

Could have been, may have been, might have been, would have been, ought to be, Ought to have been, used to be ,have to be ,has to be ,had to be ,has had to be ,

Have had to be, will have to be, would have to be, may have to be, might have to be